The New Shape of the Global Power-Field (GPF) After the Transformation of the Modern World-System Post-WWII (Part. 2)
Further Outlines in the Evolution of the Field and Its Impact on the Global South
Keywords:
world-system, field of power, asymmetrical relations, objectification, non-locality, vectors of power, iranAbstract
This article is a follow-up to a previous essay that mapped the dynamics of the modern world-system theory into what was called a Global Power-Field (GPF) during the colonial era phase of planetary history. It continues this mapping project by exploring the reconfiguration of the field in the postcolonial period. This field of power operated on the practice of ‘objectification’ of asymmetrical relations within its domain. The current essay extends that analysis by further identifying the forms of ‘objectification’ in the field’s contemporary phase. A prominent feature of the current field is the non-locality of its operations; a term signifying the level of dispersion of its vectors of power across the globe. The investigation will conclude with a detailed case study of how this current version of the GPF impacts the Global South by examining Post-Revolutionary Iran’s relations with the West.
References
Agnew, J; Colman, M. 2007. “The Problem with Empire.” In Space, Knowledge and Power: Foucault and Geography, by Jeremy Crampton an Stuart Elden. Hampshire, England: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
Agnew, J; Knox, P; McCarthy, L. 2014. The Geography of the World Economy. London: Routledge.
Agnew, John. 2003. Geopolitics: Re-Visioning World Politics. London: Routledge.
Amuzegar, Jahangir. 2014. The Islamic Republic of Iran: Refections on an Emerging Economy. New York: Routledge.
Anaraki, N.K. and Shahrestani, H. 2008. “How Would A Possible U.N. Sanction Affect The Iranian Economy?” Global Journal Of Business Research 2 (1).
Anderson, Alexandra. Fall 2013. “Good Grief ! Iran Sanctions and the Expansion of American Corporate Liability for Non-U.S. Subsidiary Violations Under the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012.” Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business 34 (1 Fall).
Askari, H; Forrer, J; Teegan, H; Yang, J. 2001. “U.S. Economic Sanctions: Lessons from the Iranian Experience.” Bussiness Economics, July: 7-19.
Awass, Omer. 2021. “The Challenge of Religious Governance in the Modern Nation-State: Negotiating Islamic Law in Post-Revolutionary Iran.” Sociology of Islam (9): 19-41. doi:10.1163/22131418-00901006
Awass, Omer. 2019. “Contending with Capitalism: Fatwas and Neoliberal Ideology.” Journal of World-System Research 25 (1). doi 10.5195/jwsr.2019.843| wsr.pitt.edu.
Barnet, R and Cavanagh, J. 1994. Global Dreams: Imperial Corporations and the New World Order. New York: A Touchstone Book.
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1977. Outline of A Theory of Practice. Translated by Richard Nice. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Buzan, B. and Lawson, G. 2015. The Global Transformation: History, Modernity, and the Making of International Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cao, Xiongwei. Spring 2012. “The Dollar Hegemony And The U.S.-China Monetary Disputes.” A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Political Science in the College of Sciences at the University of Central Florida.
Carter B and Farha, R. 2013. “Overview and Operation of U.S. Financial Sanctions, Including the Example of Iran.” Georgetown Journal of International Law 44 (3): 903-914.
Clark, William. 2004. “The Real Reasons Why Iran Is The Next Target: The Emerging Euro-Denominated International Oil Marker.” Global Research. October 27. Accessed November 10, 2020. https://archives.globalresearch.ca/articles/CLA410A.html.
Cox, Richard. 1994. “Global Restructuring: Making Sense of the Changing IPE.” In Political Economy and the Changing Global Order, by R and Underhill, G Stubs. London: Macmillan Press LTD.
Devarajan, S; Ianchoichina E, Lakatos, C. February 2016. Lifting Economic Sanctions on Iran: Global Effects and Strategic Responses. Policty Research Working Paper, Office of Chief Economist, World Bank Group-Middle East and North Africa Region , World Bank.
Dudlák, Tamás. 2018. “After the sanctions: Policy Challenges in Transition to a New Political Economy of the Iranian Oil and Gas Sectors!” elsevier. Accessed October 3, 2020. www.elsevier.com/locate/enpol.
El-Said, H; Harrigan, J. 2009. Aid and Power in the Arab World: IMF and World Bank Policy-Based Lending in the Middle East and North Africa. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
Giddens, Anthony. 1985. The Nation State and Violance. Oxford: Polity Press.
Gilpin, Robert. 2001. Global Political Economy: Understanding the International Economic Order . Princeton: Princeton University Press .
Graves, Charles Tait. n.d. “Extraterritoriality and Its Limits: The Iran and Libya Sactions Act of 1996.” Hastings International and Comparative Law Review 21 (3).
Hafezi, P; Parent, V. 2012. “Sanctions Already Pushing Iran to the Point Where it is Bartering For Food.” February 9. Accessed November 10, 2010. https://nationalpost.com/news/sanctions-already-pushing-iran-to-the-point-where-it-is-bartering-for-food.
Helleiner, Eric. 1994. “From Bretton Woods to the Global Finance: A World Turned Upside Down.” In Political Economy of the Changing Global Order, by R & Underhill, G Stubs. London: MacMillan Press LTD.
Hoogvelt, Ankie. 1978. The Sociology of Developing Societies. London: The Macmillan Press Ltd.
Hussin., Iza R. 2016. The Politics of Islamic Law Local Elites, Colonial Authority, and the Making of the Muslim State. Chicago: University Of Chicago Press.
Kubursi, A.A. and Mansur, S. 1994. “The Political Economy of Middle Easter Oil.” In Political Economy and the Changing Global Order, by R and Underhill, G. Stubbs. New York: St. Martin's Press.
Lakshmanan, I; Narayanan, P. 2012. “Iran Sanctions Fuel ‘Junk For Oil’ Barter With China, India.” March 30th. Accessed November 2020. https://financialpost.com/investing/iran-sanctions-fuel-junk-for-oil-barter-with-china-india.
Lang, Jamie. 2007. “International Sanctions: The Pressure on Iran to Abandon Nuclear Proliferation.” Journal of International Bussiness and Law (Scholarly Commons and Hofstra Law) 6 (1): 141-167 (Article 7).
Liu, Henry CK. 2008. Breaking Free from Dollar Hegemony. July 28. Accessed Oct. 14 2020. http://www.henryckliu.com/public_html/page165.html.
Liu, Henry CK. 2002. Dollar Hegemony. Accessed Oct. 14, 2020. http://henryckl.ipower.com/page2.html.
Mafi, Homayoun. Fall 2007. “The Dilemma of US Economic Sanctions on Iran: An Iranian Perspective.” The Iranian Journal of International Affairs XIX (4): 99-121.
Maloney, Suzanne. 2010. The Revolutionary Economy. October 11. Accessed November 2020. https://iranprimer.usip.org/resource/revolutionary-economy.
Mann, Michael. 1988. States, War and Capitalism: Studies in Political Sociology . Oxford: Blackwell .
MercoPress. 2012. “Sanctions on Iran Force Uruguay to Propose Teheran Rice for Oil Barter Deal.” April 1. Accessed November 10, 2012. https://en.mercopress.com/2012/04/01/sanctions-on-iran-force-uruguay-to-propose-teheran-rice-for-oil-barter-deal.
Moret, Erica S. 2015. “Humanitarian Impacts of Economic Sanctions on Iran and Syria.” European Security 24 (1.): 120–140.
Nakanishi, Hisae. 2015. “The Construction of the Sanctions Regime Against Iran: Political Dimensions of Unilateralism.” In Economic Sanctions under International Law, by A.Z. Marossi and M.R. Bassett. Asser Press .
Nunan, Cóilín. ND. “Petrodollar Or Petroeuro? A New Source Of Global Conflict.” Growth. Accessed November 10, 2020. https://www.feasta.org/documents/review2/nunan.htm.
Santini, R. and Tabrizi, A. 2012. “EU Sanctions Against Iran: New Wine in Old Bottles.” ISPI Analysis, March .
Siddiqui, Kalim. 2020. “The U.S. Dollar and the World Economy: A Critical Review.” Athens Journal of Business & Economics 6 (1): 21-44 .
Stevens, Paul. 2005. “Oil and Development.” Vol. Blackwell Reference Online: (http://www.blackwellreference.com/subscriber/tocnode?id=g9781405106, in A Companion to the History of the Middle East., by Youssef M. Choueiri. Blackwell Publishing.
Thomas Costigan, Drew Cottle and Angela Keys. SPRING 2017. “The Us Dollar As The Global Reserve Currency: Implications For US Hegemony.” World Review Of Political Economy 8 (1).
Wallerstein, Immanuel. 1996. “The Global Picture 1945-90.” In The Age of Transition: Trajectory of the World System., by Terence K. Hopkins and Immanuel Wallerstein. New York: Zed Books.
_____. 2004. World-Systems Analysis: An Introduction. Durham: Duke University Press.
Warde, Ibrahim. 2010. Islamic Finance in the Global Economy. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- The Author retains copyright in the Work, where the term “Work” shall include all digital objects that may result in subsequent electronic publication or distribution.
- Upon acceptance of the Work, the author shall grant to the Publisher the right of first publication of the Work.
- The Author shall grant to the Publisher and its agents the nonexclusive perpetual right and license to publish, archive, and make accessible the Work in whole or in part in all forms of media now or hereafter known under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License or its equivalent, which, for the avoidance of doubt, allows others to copy, distribute, and transmit the Work under the following conditions:
- Attribution—other users must attribute the Work in the manner specified by the author as indicated on the journal Web site;
- The Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the Work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as there is provided in the document an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post online a prepublication manuscript (but not the Publisher’s final formatted PDF version of the Work) in institutional repositories or on their Websites prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. Any such posting made before acceptance and publication of the Work shall be updated upon publication to include a reference to the Publisher-assigned DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and a link to the online abstract for the final published Work in the Journal.
- Upon Publisher’s request, the Author agrees to furnish promptly to Publisher, at the Author’s own expense, written evidence of the permissions, licenses, and consents for use of third-party material included within the Work, except as determined by Publisher to be covered by the principles of Fair Use.
- The Author represents and warrants that:
- the Work is the Author’s original work;
- the Author has not transferred, and will not transfer, exclusive rights in the Work to any third party;
- the Work is not pending review or under consideration by another publisher;
- the Work has not previously been published;
- the Work contains no misrepresentation or infringement of the Work or property of other authors or third parties; and
- the Work contains no libel, invasion of privacy, or other unlawful matter.
- The Author agrees to indemnify and hold Publisher harmless from Author’s breach of the representations and warranties contained in Paragraph 6 above, as well as any claim or proceeding relating to Publisher’s use and publication of any content contained in the Work, including third-party content.
Revised 7/16/2018. Revision Description: Removed outdated link.
